Some risk factors cannot be changed, but you can change others. Individuals with a physical disability such as cerebral palsy cp are at risk for fragility fractures osteoporosis secondary to osteopenia from decreased weightbearing. Women are at a greater risk of developing osteoporosis because of the rapid decline in oestrogen levels during menopause. Among 4 individuals 65 people 50% had one risk factor and 69 people50% had two risk factors.
The clinical risk factors, identified from previous metaanalyses, comprised body mass index bmi, as a continuous variable, a prior history of fracture, a parental history of hip fracture, use. Treatment and prevention will normally focus on lifestyle changes and medications to boost bone density. About osteoporosis st vincents clinic densitometry. Home nih osteoporosis and related bone diseases national. Established risk factors for osteoporosis and associated fractures are increasing age, female sex, white race, removal of the ovaries at an early age, prolonged immobility, and prolonged use of corticosteroids.
With the ageing population and rising prevalence of conditions predisposing to op, it is a growth area keenly in the sights of the pharmaceutical industries. It is common, causes significant suffering for many and contributes to an earlier death for some. One in three women and one in five men will break a bone due to osteoporosis. The impact of fractures includes loss of function, significant costs, and. If you have a disorder of the hormoneproducing glands, you may have a higher risk of developing osteoporosis. Because of the relationships between bone mass and fracture risk, and because who defines osteoporosis in terms of bmc and bmd, there has been a tendency. Measure bmd to assess fracture risk in people aged risk factor, such as history of multiple.
Osteoporosis is a disease in which the density and quality of bone is reduced, leading to weakness of the skeleton and increased risk of fracture, particularly of the spine, wrist, hip, pelvis and upper arm. Dietary habits can increase your risk of developing osteoporosis. Jul 22, 2019 doctors have identified several risk factors for osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease in which the density and quality of bone are reduced, leading to weakness of the skeleton and increased risk of fracture, particularly of the spine, hip and wrist. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Synopsis of major recommendations to the clinician recommendations apply to postmenopausal women and men age 50 and older. Osteoporosis symptoms, treatment, prevention southern. Petite and thin women have a greater chance of developing osteoporosis. In the united states, more than 10 million people have osteoporosis of the hip and almost 19 million more have low hip bone density. The prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis among a saudi female diabetic population ibrahim abdulrazag alhomood 1, iman sheshah 2, abdel gaffar a.
Osteoporosis, osteopenia and their associated risk factors. May 29, 2014 multiple sclerosis ms is a chronic inflammatorydemyelinating disease of the nervous system. Racgp osteoporosis prevention and detection in general. For all these reasons, osteoporosis is often referred to as the silent epidemic. National institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney diseases.
Osteoporosis affects mostly older women, but prevention starts. Although genetic factors largely determine whether an individual is at heightened risk of osteoporosis, lifestyle factors such as good nutrition and exercise play a key role in building bone during youth, and. Aug 15, 2019 there are risk factors for osteoporosis that you can control. The risk ratios with bmd show the risks that are independent of bone density. For example, in addition to worsening the bone density, these factors can cause more falls or affect the quality of the bone. The objectives of the current study were as follows.
Bone density testing is recommended for older women whose risk of breaking a bone is the same as or greater than that of a 65yearold white woman with no risk factors other than age. While osteoporosis affects both men and women, lowered estrogen after menopause in women increases the risk of osteoporosis. Risk factors associated with osteoporosis a population based. Many people with osteoporosis have not achieved normal peak bone mass, while others suffer substantial bone loss during life due to various conditions. Some are unavoidablesuch as age or a family history of the disease. You can control some risk factors, and others you cannot. A number of factors can increase the likelihood that youll develop osteoporosis including your age, race, lifestyle choices, and medical conditions and treatments. Osteoporosis is a silent disease which weakens bones and increases the risk of fractures, often resulting in pain and longterm disability. Pdf the prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis. Evaluation of bone mineral density can establish the diagnosis of osteoporosis in atrisk. The 5 biggest risk factors for osteoporosis the motley fool. Cigarette smoking is considered as a risk factor for osteoporosis and is related to a loss of bone mass and increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. Among them there are 39 people who had no risk factors and 4 people had one or more risk factors. There are usually no symptoms of osteoporosis until a bone breaks.
Know and reduce your risk of osteoporosis international. Osteoporosis does not have early symptoms and the first clinical sign of the condition is a broken bone, or loss of height as vertebrae fracture. But there are some risk factors that you do have control over, including eating a nutrientrich diet and being active. Identification of people at risk of osteoporosis by p. When oestrogen levels decrease, bones lose calcium and other minerals at a much faster rate. Whether a person develops osteoporosis depends on the thickness of the bones bone density in early life, as well as health, diet, and physical activity later in life. This condition makes bones become very weak and puts you at risk of breaking bones during normal activity. You are 65 or older you are younger than 65 but have risk factors for osteoporosis. Pdf a comprehensive overview on osteoporosis and its risk factors. Osteoporosis is a disorder of the skeleton in which bone strength is abnormally weak. The number of people who will be affected by osteoporosis in their lifetimes may be surprising to you. This article discusses the clinical features, consequences, and treatment of osteoporosis and the risk factors for bone loss and.
Modifiable risk factors are mainly the result of unhealthy diet or lifestyle choices. Risk factors associated with osteoporosis a population. Osteoporosis more commonly a ects the elderly, postmenopausal women and individuals. Osteoporosis risk assessment and primary prevention patient.
By the age of 65, women lose bone at about the same rate as men which is slower than in the years during and right after menopause. Other risk factors often coexist including poor nutrition with decreased calcium and vitamin d intake, vitamin. Factors that increase the risk for osteoporosis in both men and women include. People should discuss risk factors with their doctor, and anyone over 50 with risk factors may require a bone density scan. Osteoporosis related fractures affect approximately one in two white women and one in five white men in their life time. Osteoporosis usually does not have a noticeable effect on people until they are 60 or older. Osteoporosis is a common and important public health problem. A womans risk of breaking a hip due to osteoporosis is equal to her risk of breast, ovarian and uterine cancer combined. Symptoms, causes, risk factors, treatment osteoporosis weakens bones and can lead to pain, fracture, and a decline in overall health. Pdf the prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis among a. The majority of studies worldwide, including in saudi arabia, have investigated low bone mineral density bmd and its associated risk factors in postmenopausal women. Hormonerelated disorders that can trigger osteoporosis include. Some are modifiable, but it is not possible to avoid others. Age is important when it comes to your risk of osteoporosis.
Similarly, smallboned, thin men are at greater risk than men with larger frames and more body weight. Some risk factors for osteoporosis are out of your control, including. It causes you to lose too much bone, make too little bone, or both. Epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of osteoporosis american. Doctors have identified several risk factors for osteoporosis. The body continually absorbs old bone tissue and generates new bone to. Obesity and use of estrogen replacement therapy are protective. Around the world, one in three women, and one in five men over the age of fifty will suffer a broken bone due to osteoporosis. The nih osteoporosis and related bone diseases national resource center is supported by the national institute of arthritis and musculoskeletal and skin diseases with contributions from. It is important to talk with your healthcare provider about your risk factors for osteoporosis and together you can develop a plan to protect your bones.
You cant change many of the things that raise your chances of developing osteoporosis, like your genes, your age, and your sex. Risk factors for osteoporosis pdf osteoporosis is a silent disease that causes bones to become thin and weak, and increases the risk for broken bones. A comprehensive overview on osteoporosis and its risk factors ncbi. Risk factors for osteoporosis and associated fractures. There are a variety of factors both controllable and uncontrollable that put you at risk for developing osteoporosis. They include poor nutrition, low body mass index, eating disorders, alcohol. If risk factors for osteoporosis were present the bone stiffness index was reduced. Faststats is an official application from the centers for disease control and preventions cdc national center for health statistics nchs and puts access to topicspecific statistics at your fingertips. Osteoporosis is a common condition where a decrease in the amount of bone in the skeleton, measured as decreased bone density, leads to increased risk of breaking a bone fracture. If present, is the osteoporosis due to secondary causes. Women are much more likely to develop osteoporosis than are men.
Some behaviors and characteristics, called risk factors, increase an adults likelihood of getting some types of arthritis or making it worse. Osteoporosis overview nih osteoporosis and related bone. Certain risk factors are linked to the development of osteoporosis and contribute to an individuals likelihood of developing the disease. Osteoporosis is a disease of the bones that causes bones to become weak.
Oct 12, 2015 osteoporosis contributes to a great deal of morbidity and mortality and is a large burden to the health service. Other factors that may affect the risk of fragility fracture include the use of oral or systemic glucocorticoids, age, sex, previous fractures and family history of osteoporosis. Each woman completed a checklist of risk factors for osteoporosis, menopause age, history of hormone replacement therapy, and osteoporosis. As women approach menopause, bone loss occurs at an increased. One reason is that they have less bone to lose than women with more body weight and larger frames. This leads to an increase in the risk of breaking bones bone fracture. Osteoporosis op is an important primary care health problem. Osteoporosis is a condition in which the density and quality of bones is reduced, making them weak, brittle and more likely to fracture. Bumping into something or a minor fall could cause fractures. In the age group younger than 55, even only one of the factors under considerationunderweight, nicotine consumption, or highrisk alcohol consumptioncontributed to a lower bone stiffness index. There has been mounting evidence showing that ms is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Many people with osteoporosis have several risk factors, but others who develop the disease have no known risk factors. See the information on the pages about smoking, steroids, nutrition, and more details about other epidemiological risk factors.